Convective/Large-scale Rainfall Partitions of Tropical Heavy Precipitation in CMIP6 Atmospheric Models     

Jing YANG  Sicheng HE  Qing BAO 《大气科学进展》2021,38(6):1020-1027

Convective/large-scale(C/L) precipitation partitions are crucial for achieving realistic rainfall modeling and are classified in 16 phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6) atmospheric models. Only 4 models capture the feature that convective rainfall significantly exceeds the large-scale rainfall component in the tropics while the other 12 models show 50%–100% large-scale rainfall component in heavy rainfall. Increased horizontal resolution generally increases the convective rainfall percentage, but not in all models. The former 4 models can realistically reproduce two peaks of moisture vertical distribution, respectively located in the upper and the lower troposphere. In contrast, the latter 12 models correspond to three types of moisture vertical profile biases:(1) whole mid-to-lower tropospheric wet biases(60%–80% large-scale rainfall);(2) mid-tropospheric wet peak(50% convective/large-scale rainfall); and(3) lower-tropospheric wet peak(90%–100% large-scale rainfall). And the associated vertical distribution of unique clouds potentially causes different climate feedback, suggesting accurate C/L rainfall components are necessary to reliable climate projection.  相似文献   

Assessment of Snow Depth over Arctic Sea Ice in CMIP6 Models Using Satellite Data     

Shengzhe CHEN  Jiping LIU  Yifan DING  Yuanyuan ZHANG  Xiao CHENG  Yongyun HU 《大气科学进展》2021,38(2):168-186

Snow depth over sea ice is an essential variable for understanding the Arctic energy budget.In this study,we evaluate snow depth over Arctic sea ice during 1993-2014 simulated by 31 models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)against recent satellite retrievals.The CMIP6 models capture some aspects of the observed snow depth climatology and variability.The observed variability lies in the middle of the models’simulations.All the models show negative trends of snow depth during 1993-2014.However,substantial spatiotemporal discrepancies are identified.Compared to the observation,most models have late seasonal maximum snow depth(by two months),remarkably thinner snow for the seasonal minimum,an incorrect transition from the growth to decay period,and a greatly underestimated interannual variability and thinning trend of snow depth over areas with frequent occurrence of multi-year sea ice.Most models are unable to reproduce the observed snow depth gradient from the Canadian Arctic to the outer areas and the largest thinning rate in the central Arctic.Future projections suggest that snow depth in the Arctic will continue to decrease from 2015 to 2099.Under the SSP5-8.5 scenario,the Arctic will be almost snow-free during the summer and fall and the accumulation of snow starts from January.Further investigation into the possible causes of the issues for the simulated snow depth by some models based on the same family of models suggests that resolution,the inclusion of a hightop atmospheric model,and biogeochemistry processes are important factors for snow depth simulation.  相似文献   

Northern Hemisphere Sudden Stratospheric Warming and Its Downward Impact in Four Chinese CMIP6 Models     

Jian RAO  Siming LIU  Yuanhao CHEN 《大气科学进展》2021,38(2):187-202

Using the World Meteorological Organization definition and a threshold-based classification technique,simulations of vortex displacement and split sudden stratospheric warmings(SSWs)are evaluated for four Chinese models(BCC-CSM2-MR,FGOALS-f3-L,FGOALS-g3,and NESM3)from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)with the Japanese 55-year reanalysis(JRA-55)as a baseline.Compared with six or seven SSWs in a decade in JRA-55,three models underestimate the SSW frequency by~50%,while NESM3 doubles the SSW frequency.SSWs mainly appear in midwinter in JRA-55,but one-month climate drift is simulated in the models.The composite of splits is stronger than displacements in both the reanalysis and most models due to the longer pulse of positive eddy heat flux before onset of split SSWs.A wavenumber-1-like temperature anomaly pattern(cold Eurasia,warm North America)before onset of displacement SSWs is simulated,but cold anomalies are mainly confined to North America after displacement SSWs.Although the lower tropospheric temperature also displays a wavenumber-1-like pattern before split SSWs,most parts of Eurasia and North America are covered by cold anomalies after split SSWs in JRA-55.The models have different degrees of fidelity for the temperature anomaly pattern before split SSWs,but the wavenumber-2-like temperature anomaly pattern is well simulated after split SSWs.The center of the negative height anomalies in the Pacific sector before SSWs is sensitive to the SSW type in both JRA-55 and the models.A negative North Atlantic Oscillation is simulated after both types of SSWs in the models,although it is only observed for split SSWs.  相似文献   

土地利用模式比较计划(LUMIP)简评          下载免费PDF全文

华文剑  刘殊瑜  陈海山 《大气科学学报》2021,44(6):818-824

为进一步促进土地利用和土地覆盖变化（Land-Use and Land-Cover Change,LULCC）以及土地管理对气候影响的理解,第六次国际耦合模式比较计划（CMIP6）设立了土地利用模式比较计划（LUMIP）。该计划主要包括两个阶段的试验设计：第一阶段涉及理想的毁林情景耦合试验和陆面模式模拟试验,旨在促进LULCC对气候影响过程的理解,并量化模式对LULCC的敏感性。第二阶段的试验重点关注土地利用变化的历史影响,以及未来土地管理决策在减缓气候变化方面的潜力。本文概述了其科学背景、试验设计和方案、参与模式情况等,并简评了该计划的研究意义和特色,以期读者迅速了解其相关的研究要点和发展方向。  相似文献   

目的地居民旅游感知态度研究——以丹江口水库南部东岸及南岸为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛宝琪  刘长运  范红艳 《地域研究与开发》2011,30(1):99-103

目的地居民对旅游业的感知态度因旅游发展阶段不同而不同。以丹江口水库南部东岸及南岸——南水北调中线工程渠首核心区为研究区域,通过构建居民潜在旅游影响感知评价指标体系,采用实地调查和统计分析方法,分析了研究区居民对潜在旅游影响的一般感知态度,并就居民社会人口统计学特征与潜在旅游影响感知的内在关系进行了探索,揭示了不同居民群体对研究区旅游开发潜在影响的感知态度差异,为研究区旅游业可持续发展提供科学依据。  相似文献   

FG5绝对重力仪232/240比对观测结果分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

肖凡  邹雪平  张宏伟  王应建 《测绘信息与工程》2011,36(2):40-42

介绍了FG5绝对重力仪232/240的三次同期、同址高精度比对观测情况,分析了对比观测结果,实现了对FG5绝对重力仪240精度的验证。  相似文献   

基于中尺度气象模式（MM5）计算GNSS对流层水汽延时     

宋爱虎  高兴国  孔梅  江峻毅  周宁 《全球定位系统》2011,36(5):49-52

基于中尺度气象模式MM5得到的三维气象场数据,建立了渤海湾地区的湿折射率场。采用切比雪夫多项式和微积分等数学方法计算了GNSS卫星信号传播方向上的水汽延时。通过与Bernese软件处理的GNSS结果比较分析来看,二者天顶总延时相差最大不超过2cm,在1cm附近波动。得到的湿延偏差在7mm左右,最大相差10mm.MM5模式积分计算的水汽延时结果可信,具有较理想的精度。  相似文献   

统筹规划 强化应用 扎实推进国土资源领域信息化重大工程建设     

宁家骏 《国土资源信息化》2011,(2):3-7

信息化是我国"十二五"期间国土资源领域加强宏观调控和精细化管理的基础。金土工程一期建设完成了耕地保护国家监管、矿产资源国家安全保障和地质灾害预警、预报与应急指挥系统的三大系统建设,建成了覆盖国家、省、市、县级国土资源电子政务管理信息化系统,实现了总体目标。在国土资源部党组、部领导的正确领导下,国土资源信息化建设已经步入了越来越成熟的新阶段,突出的特点是实施了"一张图"为核心的信息资源建设。目前金土工程二期建设正在积极筹备。作者提出了新时期推进国土资源领域信息化建设必须遵循的基本原则。  相似文献   

利用IRS-P5影像制作1∶50000 3D产品的试验研究     

郑福海  杨木  宋红艳  王铁军 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,(6):117-120

讨论了利用IRS-P5卫星遥感影像立体模型进行1∶50000 DEM,DOM,DLG等地理信息产品生产的相关问题,并进行了精度检测;同时与传统的航空摄影测量方法在原始资料获取、生产效率、工作量、数据成本等方面进行了对比分析。  相似文献   

基于SPOT-5遥感影像的城市信息自动提取技术研究     

骆继花  王鸿燕  高小明 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(10):28-30

城市信息的提取是城市动态监测和分析的基础,而城市动态监测对社会发展和人类生活具有重要意义。本文基于三峡地区的SPOT-5遥感影像,以城市绿地和建筑物为研究对象,用ENVI FX影像处理软件,对实验区的绿地和建筑物进行多尺度影像分割信息提取。结果表明,采用多尺度分割技术提取高分辨率影像中地物的提取精度更高,并有效地避免了"椒盐现象"。  相似文献